Core Curriculum: CiP 5

Maintains situational awareness

• Understands and applies the three critical stages of situation awareness.
• Understands and applies the techniques to maintain situation awareness, both team and individual factors – e.g. minimising interruptions and distractions.
• Maintains situation awareness in safety-critical environments.

Demonstrates insight into decision making

• Understands the psychological theories on how we make decisions under pressure.
• Understands the different types of decision making (intuitive, rule-based, analytical and creative).
• Demonstrates insight into own decision-making process.
• Can review and analyse the decisions of others.
• Progresses from analytical to intuitive decision making and is able to articulate this as experience develops.
• Reflects on unconscious biases which may influence our interaction and behaviour
• Demonstrates when making clinical decisions the ability to consider a person’s perspective and the reasons for choices and perception of safety.

Ability to respond to human performance within adverse clinical events

• Demonstrates knowledge and effects of various types of human error/violations on outcomes.
• Demonstrates knowledge and effects of unconscious and cognitive biases (e.g. fixation, normalcy, confirmation etc.).
• Reviews effects of human error and biases in clinical practice.

Team working

• Understands team working in complex dynamic situations.
• Ability to adapt to changing teams.
• Works effectively as part of a multiprofessional team in different roles.
• Communicates effectively within the multiprofessional team and with patients, relatives and members of the public. Understands that multiple methods of communication are required
• Demonstrates appropriate assertiveness and challenges constructively.
• Reflects on breakdowns in team working and communication.
• Recognises and celebrates effective multiprofessional team working

Understands systems and organisational factors

• Recognises how equipment and environment contribute to outcomes and patient safety.
• Is aware of latent and active failures within healthcare systems and the effects on safety eg. Reason’s model (Swiss cheese).
• Promotes a safety culture by role modelling ideal behaviours. 
• Knows how to escalate safety concerns.
• Understands the concept of ‘high reliability’ organisations and the relevance to improving outcomes in healthcare.